Renewable energy sources are gaining increasing importance in the global pursuit of sustainable development. Among these, biodiesel stands out as a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel is typically produced from vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification, which yields fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Thes

Lead selenide nanoparticle dots (QDs) are a type of II-VI nanostructure that exhibit exceptional optical and electronic properties. Their synthesis typically involves solution methods, allowing for precise control over size and shape. The unique quantum confinement nature of these QDs leads to a strong dependence of their band gap on diameter, resu